Long-term Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy

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Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) is most often used for women undergoing menopause, either natural or surgical-induced.  It is used to improve the symptoms associated with menopause, such as hot flashes, mood swings, dry vagina, and urinary problems.

Women undergoing menopause experience these symptoms due to the lack of estrogen and/or progesterone.  Women who have had hysterectomies usually take estrogen while women who still have their uterus need to take a combination of estrogen and progesterone.

Research
HRT was widely used until 2002, when research indicated that it could be harmful and cause women to be at higher risk of certain diseases, such as heart attack, stroke, and breast cancer.  Most of the research, however, was done on women in their 60’s instead of in their 40’s and 50’s.  It is thought that the younger groups of women are at lower risk of getting these diseases than the older group.  On a brighter note, however, women’s risk levels for the other diseases go back down once they have been off of HRT for 4 to 5 years.

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Side Effects of Birth Control Pills

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There are three types of birth control pills: the “Mini Pill” or Progestin (POP); the “Combination Pill”, a combination of estrogen and progestin; and the “Emergency Pill”. Birth control pills are very effective in preventing pregnancy, but they’re also reversible because fertility returns if you stop taking them. Birth control pills also reduce menstrual cramps, menstrual pain, and have proven to be quite safe.  Although there are many advantages of taking birth control pills, most pills have possible side effects in some women.

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